What are the causes of nosebleeds?

We can divide the causes of nosebleeds into two as local and systemic causes.

local causes

●         Traumatic causes: It is the most common cause of nosebleeds. The habit of picking the nose is the most common cause of bleeding, especially in the pediatric age group. Foreign body is also one of the causes of nosebleeds in the childhood age group.

●         Nasal surgeries, nasal traumas, barotraumas such as swimming and diving (pressure trauma), long-term use of nasal sprays are among the causes of trauma-related nosebleeds in adults.

●         Septal pathologies: Since the curvatures in the nose disrupt the normal air flow, it can cause dryness and crusting and then nosebleeds. Solving this problem with surgery can also provide an end to bleeding.

●         Season: Nose bleeding is more common in children and adults due to the dryness caused by heating systems and the frequency of upper respiratory tract infections, especially in winter.

●         Infectious and inflammatory diseases: Viral and bacterial upper respiratory tract infections, allergic conditions such as hay fever make the nasal mucosa more swollen and brittle. Nose bleeding may occur on this background.

●         Tumors: Tumors originating from the inside of the nose, sinuses and nasal passages may cause nosebleeds. However, these nosebleeds are usually unilateral, continuous or recurrent.

systemic causes

●         Coagulation disorders: If the patient has a blood disease with congenital or acquired coagulation disorder, nose bleeding is one of the most common symptoms.

●         Hormonal causes: Nosebleeds may occur due to increased blood volume during pregnancy.

●         Cardiovascular diseases: Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and heart failure are also one of the important causes of nosebleeds in the adult population.